|
|
Production and elimination of superoxide radical in relation to the compatibility of snails and trematodes
Cibulková, Lucie ; Skála, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nývltová, Eva (referee)
Almost all trematodes use snails as the intermediate host in their life cycles. To survive within the host, they have to efficiently avoid defense reactions of its immune system. The most important effector cells, haemocytes, produce reactive oxygen species with the first molecule known as superoxide radical. Various snail species produce different levels of these radicals in relation to the compatibility with the invasive trematode species. The parasite decreases the levels of toxic radicals by using antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase which catalyzes transformation of superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide. This dismutation reaction is the first step during the oxidative burst and likely influences survival of trematodes within the host. Based on the current knowledge the production and elimination of superoxide radical in relation to the compatibility between snails and trematodes have been described thoroughly for a few models such as for example Biomphalaria glabrata-Schistosoma mansoni. However, this interaction appears to play a key role and, therefore, it deserves more attention in another models as well. Key words: trematodes, snails, compatibility, haemocytes, oxidative burst, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, superoxide radical
|
|
|
Influence of environment and genotype on accumulation of selected antioxidants in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) =: Vliv prostředí a genotypu na akumulaci vybraných antioxidantů u merlíku chilského – quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) /
Granda Cruz, Leiter
The homogeneity of crops used for human nutrition is the reason why diets often do not meet the requirements for a nutritionally balanced food and can cause health problems. Because of that, more studies should be carried out in order to clarify nutritional aspects of underutilized crops or varieties and encourage their consumption. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), for example, contains several compounds whose functional properties can improve nutritional quality of human diet. Thus, the content of selected compounds - vitamins and antioxidants - was determined in seeds of several quinoa varieties and compared with selected varieties of barley and wheat. Target analytes - vitamin E isomers, vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined using a commercial set based on the inhibition of the reaction of colour complex formation. Grain characteristics were obtained using imaging techniques. The content of target analytes was evaluated in the seeds of six quinoa genotypes grown in two different localities in the Czech Republic (Žabčice and Olomouc). At the same time, the ability of these varieties to adapt for growing conditions was assessed. The quinoa genotypes revealed a wide range of the content of monitored substances, depending on environmental conditions. Small-scale experiments with the "Titicaca" variety carried out in the Czech Republic enabled the specification of several recommendations for quinoa breeding described in this paper. The results unambiguously demonstrated the potential of quinoa use for overall improvement of human diet quality and further confirmed the effect of different genotypes and growth conditions on the content of functional substances in quinoa, as well as the assumptions of adaptation possibilities of some of its varieties to mild climatic conditions.
|
|
|
Production and elimination of superoxide radical in relation to the compatibility of snails and trematodes
Cibulková, Lucie ; Skála, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nývltová, Eva (referee)
Almost all trematodes use snails as the intermediate host in their life cycles. To survive within the host, they have to efficiently avoid defense reactions of its immune system. The most important effector cells, haemocytes, produce reactive oxygen species with the first molecule known as superoxide radical. Various snail species produce different levels of these radicals in relation to the compatibility with the invasive trematode species. The parasite decreases the levels of toxic radicals by using antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase which catalyzes transformation of superoxide radical into hydrogen peroxide. This dismutation reaction is the first step during the oxidative burst and likely influences survival of trematodes within the host. Based on the current knowledge the production and elimination of superoxide radical in relation to the compatibility between snails and trematodes have been described thoroughly for a few models such as for example Biomphalaria glabrata-Schistosoma mansoni. However, this interaction appears to play a key role and, therefore, it deserves more attention in another models as well. Key words: trematodes, snails, compatibility, haemocytes, oxidative burst, antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase, superoxide radical
|
|
|
The technology of cultivation and fertilization of barley (Hordeum) for the manufacture of food supplements' green barley ".
DARDOVÁ, Magdaléna
The aim of this thesis was to study the technology of cultivation and fertilization of barley (Hordeum) for the manufacture of food supplements' green barley ". The main active ingredients in green barley enzymes are superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, cytochrome oxidase and transhydrogenase. Other ingredients are flavonoids saponarin, glykosylisovitexin and lutonarin. In producing research was determined the best technology for cultivation and fertilization of green barley. Most substances contains barley grown in organic farming. On the contrary, this barley has a higher content of nitrates due to the exclusive use of manure, which are nitrogen-potassium, and in such a system is a factor in low phosphorus. According to the Liebig law nitrogen which is not in balance with the element in the minimum, it is not able to transform plant nitrogen organic substances. From a nutritional point of view seems to be the best ecological cultivation of barley on dry freshwater lakes in the USA. The soil in these areas contain enough nutrients for barley, which is a prerequisite for good quality products. If green barley grown in the Czech Republic, it would be most appropriate cultivation conventional manner. The soils are poor in nutrients, and thus would only manure was insufficient. The increase of the active substances it is appropriate to use any of several kinds of elicitors. The most suitable varieties would malting barley varieties Sebastian, which includes most of the active substances.
|
guest ::
